engineering and design staff

 

инженерно-технический персонал
—
[А.С.Гольдберг. Англо-русский энергетический словарь. 2006 г.]

Тематики

• энергетика в целом

EN

• engineering personnel
• engineering and design staff
• technicians-and-engineers

SUBJECT AREA: Automotive engineering, Land transport

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He spent his childhood at The Hall in Bradfordon-Avon. He was educated at Marlborough College, and in 1937 was apprenticed to the Sentinel Steam Wagon Company of Shrewsbury. About that same time he went to King's College, Cambridge, where he took the Mechanical Sciences Tripos. It was then wartime, and he did research on aero-engines at the Bristol Aeroplane Company, where he became Personal Assistant to Sir Roy Fedden. He left Bristol's in 1945 to join his family firm, Spencer \& Moulton, of which he eventually became Technical Director and built up the Research Department. In 1948 he invented his first suspension unit, the "Flexitor", in which an inner shaft and an outer shell were separated by an annular rubber body which was bonded to both.

In 1848 his great-grandfather had founded the family firm in an old woollen mill, to manufacture vulcanized rubber products under Charles Goodyear's patent. The firm remained a family business with Spencer's, consultants in railway engineering, until 1956 when it was sold to the Avon Rubber Company. He then formed Moulton Developments to continue his work on vehicle suspensions in the stables attached to The Hall. Sponsored by the British Motor Corporation (BMC) and the Dunlop Rubber Company, he invented a rubber cone spring in 1951 which was later used in the BMC Mini (see Issigonis, Sir Alexander Arnold Constantine): by 1994 over 4 million Minis had been fitted with these springs, made by Dunlop. In 1954 he patented the Hydrolastic suspension system, in which all four wheels were independently sprung with combined rubber springs and damper assembly, the weight being supported by fluid under pressure, and the wheels on each side being interconnected, front to rear. In 1962 he formed Moulton Bicycles Ltd, having designed an improved bicycle system for adult use. The conventional bicycle frame was replaced by a flat-sided oval steel tube F-frame on a novel rubber front and rear suspension, with the wheel size reduced to 41 cm (16 in.) with high-pressure tyres. Raleigh Industries Ltd having refused his offer to produce the Moulton Bicycle under licence, he set up his own factory on his estate, producing 25,000 bicycles between 1963 and 1966. In 1967 he sold out to Raleigh and set up as Bicycle Consultants Ltd while continuing the suspension development of Moulton Developments Ltd. In the 1970s the combined firms employed some forty staff, nearly 50 per cent of whom were graduates.

He won the Queen's Award for Industry in 1967 for technical innovation in Hydrolastic car suspension and the Moulton Bicycle. Since that time he has continued his innovative work on suspensions and the bicycle. In 1983 he introduced the AM bicycle series of very sophisticated space-frame design with suspension and 43 cm (17 in.) wheels; this machine holds the world speed record fully formed at 82 km/h (51 mph). The current Rover 100 and MGF use his Hydragas interconnected suspension. By 1994 over 7 million cars had been fitted with Moulton suspensions. He has won many design awards and prizes, and has been awarded three honorary doctorates of engineering. He is active in engineering and design education.

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"technical;

Technisch;

tecnico"

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(pl -ci) 1. adj technical

2. m technician

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tecnico agg. technical: per motivi d'ordine tecnico, for technical reasons; scuola tecnica, technical school; termine tecnico, technical term; ufficio tecnico, technical office // (banca) scoperto tecnico, ( di conto corrente) technical overdraft

◆ s.m. technician, engineer, technicist; ( esperto) expert: tecnico pubblicitario, advertising expert; tecnico dell'organizzazione, systems engineer; tecnico della politica, political expert; tecnico aeronautico, qualified aircraft engineer; tecnico del suono, sound engineer; (ind.) tecnico del collaudo, testing engineer; (cinem., tv) tecnico delle luci, light technician.

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1. agg

2. sm/f

(gen) technician, (esperto) expert

- tecnico del suono

- tecnico della televisione

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pl. -ci, - che ['tɛkniko, tʃi, ke] aggettivo technical

sostantivo maschile (f. -a) technician, engineer

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tecnico

pl. -ci, - che /'tεkniko, t∫i, ke/

I aggettivo

 technical; ufficio tecnico (del comune) engineering and design department; consulente tecnico consulting engineer

II sostantivo maschile

 ⇒ 18 (f. -a) technician, engineer; i -ci the technical staff, the technicians

COMPOUNDS

tecnico di laboratorio laboratory technician; tecnico delle luci lighting engineer; tecnico del suono audio-engineer.

bureau (plural bureaux) [byʀo]

1. masculine noun

   a. ( = meuble) desk ; (sur écran d'ordinateur) desktop

   b. ( = cabinet de travail) study

   c. ( = lieu de travail, pièce) office

• pendant les heures de bureau during office hours

• nos bureaux seront fermés the office will be closed

• emploi de bureau office job

   d. ( = section) department

   e. ( = comité) committee ; (exécutif) board

• élire le bureau [syndicats] to elect the officers of the committee

2. compounds

► bureau d'accueil reception

► bureau d'aide sociale welfare office

► bureau de change bureau de change (Brit), foreign exchange office (US)

► bureau d'études [d'entreprise] research department ; ( = cabinet) research consultancy

► Bureau international du travail International Labour Office

► bureau des objets trouvés lost property office (Brit), lost and found (US)

► bureau politique [de parti] party executives

► bureau de poste post office

► bureau de renseignements information service

► bureau de tabac tobacconist's (Brit), tobacco shop (US) (selling stamps and newspapers)

► bureau de vote polling station

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pl bureaux byʀo nom masculin

1) ( meuble) desk

2) ( pièce individuelle) ( chez soi) study; ( au travail) office

3) ( établissement) office

4) ( organe directeur) board

•

- bureau d'accueil

- bureau de change

- bureau d'études

- bureau de poste

- bureau de tabac

- bureau de tri

- bureau de vote

- Bureau international du travail

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1. nm

1) (= meuble) desk

2) (= pièce) office

3) (= service) office

2. bureaux nmpl

[entreprise] offices, office

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bureau, pl bureaux nm

1 ( meuble) desk;

2 ( pièce individuelle) ( chez soi) study; ( au travail) office; immeuble de bureaux office-block; heures d'ouverture des bureaux office hours;

3 ( établissement) office; ouvrir un bureau à Londres to open an office in London; la société va fermer ses bureaux de Londres the company is about to close its London offices;

4 ( organe directeur) board; bureau exécutif executive board; bureau politique policy-making committee of a political party.

bureau d'accueil reception; bureau d'aide sociale social security office GB, welfare office US; bureau du cadastre land registry; bureau de change bureau de change, foreign exchange office; bureau des contributions tax office; bureau à cylindre roll-top desk; bureau de douane customs office; bureau d'enregistrement stamp duty office; bureau de l'état civil registry office; bureau d'étude technique engineering and design department; bureau d'études ( recherche) research department; ( conception) design office; bureau de liaison liaison office; bureau ministre executive desk; bureau des objets trouvés lost property office GB, lost-and-found office US; bureau de placement agency (for actors and domestic staff); bureau de poste post office; bureau de tabac ( articles pour fumeurs) tobacconist's GB, smoke shop US; (cigarettes, journaux) newsagent GB, news stand US; bureau de tri sorting office; bureau de vote polling station; Bureau international du travail, BIT International Labour Office, ILO.

( pluriel bureaux) [byro] nom masculin

1. [meuble - généralement] desk ; [ - à rabat] bureau

2. [pièce d'une maison] study

3. [lieu de travail] office

4. [agence]

a. [banque] bureau de change, foreign exchange office

b. [comptoir] bureau de change, foreign exchange counter

a. [entreprise] research consultancy

b. [service] research department ou unit

5. [commission] committee

6. INFORMATIQUE desktop

SUBJECT AREA: Electricity, Electronics and information technology, Public utilities

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After attending Owens College, Manchester, Hopkinson was admitted to Trinity College, Cambridge, in 1867 to read for the Mathematical Tripos. An appointment in 1872 with the lighthouse department of the Chance Optical Works in Birmingham directed his attention to electrical engineering. His most noteworthy contribution to lighthouse engineering was an optical system to produce flashing lights that distinguished between individual beacons. His extensive researches on the dielectric properties of glass were recognized when he was elected to a Fellowship of the Royal Society at the age of 29. Moving to London in 1877 he became established as a consulting engineer at a time when electricity supply was about to begin on a commercial scale. During the remainder of his life, Hopkinson's researches resulted in fundamental contributions to electrical engineering practice, dynamo design and alternating current machine theory. In making a critical study of the Edison dynamo he developed the principle of the magnetic circuit, a concept also arrived at by Gisbert Kapp around the same time. Hopkinson's improvement of the Edison dynamo by reducing the length of the field magnets almost doubled its output. In 1890, in addition to-his consulting practice, Hopkinson accepted a post as the first Professor of Electrical Engineering and Head of the Siemens laboratory recently established at King's College, London. Although he was not involved in lecturing, the position gave him the necessary facilities and staff and student assistance to continue his researches. Hopkinson was consulted on many proposals for electric traction and electricity supply, including schemes in London, Manchester, Liverpool and Leeds. He also advised Mather and Platt when they were acting as contractors for the locomotives and generating plant for the City and South London tube railway. As early as 1882 he considered that an ideal method of charging for the supply of electricity should be based on a two-part tariff, with a charge related to maximum demand together with a charge for energy supplied. Hopkinson was one the foremost expert witnesses of his day in patent actions and was himself the patentee of over forty inventions, of which the three-wire system of distribution and the series-parallel connection of traction motors were his most successful. Jointly with his brother Edward, John Hopkinson communicated the outcome of his investigations to the Royal Society in a paper entitled "Dynamo Electric Machinery" in 1886. In this he also described the later widely used "back to back" test for determining the characteristics of two identical machines. His interest in electrical machines led him to more fundamental research on magnetic materials, including the phenomenon of recalescence and the disappearance of magnetism at a well-defined temperature. For his work on the magnetic properties of iron, in 1890 he was awarded the Royal Society Royal Medal. He was a member of the Alpine Club and a pioneer of rock climbing in Britain; he died, together with three of his children, in a climbing accident.

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1. TECH., Abteilung, Verfahren etc.: attr. engineering...; (wissenschaftlich) technological; technische Anlagen technical facilities ( oder installations); im Krankenhaus etc.: auch technology; Technische Hochschule college ( oder institute) of technology; Technische Universität technological university, (university-level) institute of advanced technology ( oder science and technology), Am. auch polytechnic institute; technische Einzelheiten technicalities, technical details; technischer Leiter technical director; technisches Personal technical staff; technischer Kundendienst customer engineering fachspr., (after-sales) technical support ( oder back-up umg.); Technisches Werken Schulfach: (Craft, Design and) Technology; technischer Zeichner technical ( oder engineering) draughtsman; technische Zeichnung technical drawing; technische Schwierigkeiten technical problems ( oder difficulties); technische Lösung / Grenzen technical solution / limitations; aus ( verfahrens) technischen Gründen on technical grounds, for technical reasons; Technischer Überwachungs-Verein TÜV

2. (bes. betriebstechnisch, auch Kunst, SPORT etc.) technical; technische Disziplinen field events; technischer K.o. technical knockout, TKO; er verfügt über keine besonderen technischen Fertigkeiten he is not skilled, he has no (technical) qualifications

3. fig. (sachlich, rein formal, theoretisch) technical

II Adv.: technisch begabt / interessiert with an aptitude for things technical / technical(ly)-minded; technisch ausgereift / hoch entwickelt technologically mature ( oder sophisticated) / technologically very advanced; eine technisch schwierige Kür a (free) program(me) of great technical difficulty, a technically demanding (free) program(me)

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technical; engineering; technic

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1. adj

1) (= technologisch) technological; Studienfach technical

2) (= die Ausführung betreffend) Schwierigkeiten, Gründe technical; (= mechanisch) mechanical

2. adv

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1) (in a technical way; He described the machine in simple terms, then more technically.) technically

2) (as far as skill and technique are concerned: The pianist gave a very good performance technically, although she seemed to lack feeling for the music.) technically

3) (having, or relating to, a particular science or skill, especially of a mechanical or industrial kind: a technical college; technical skill; technical drawing.) technical

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I. adj

1. attr (technologisch) technical

die \technischen Einzelheiten finden Sie in der beigefügten Bedienungsanleitung you'll find the technical details in the enclosed operating instructions

\technische Anlagen und Maschinen plant and machinery

2. (technisches Wissen vermittelnd) technical

\technische Hochschule college [or university] of technology

3. (Ausführungsweise) technical

\technisches Können technical ability

unvorhergesehene \technische Probleme unforeseen technical problems

II. adv (auf technischem Gebiet) technically

ein \technisch fortgeschrittenes Land a technologically advanced country

er ist \technisch begabt he is technically gifted; s.a. Zeichner, Unmöglichkeit

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Adjektiv technical < fault>; technological <progress, age>

adverbial technically; technologically < advanced>

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A. adj

1. TECH, Abteilung, Verfahren etc: attr engineering …; (wissenschaftlich) technological;

technische Anlagen technical facilities ( oder installations); im Krankenhaus etc: auch technology;

technische Hochschule college ( oder institute) of technology;

technische Universität technological university, (university-level) institute of advanced technology ( oder science and technology), US auch polytechnic institute;

technische Einzelheiten technicalities, technical details;

technischer Leiter technical director;

technisches Personal technical staff;

technischer Kundendienst customer engineering fachspr, (after-sales) technical support ( oder back-up umg);

Technisches Werken Schulfach: (Craft, Design and) Technology;

technischer Zeichner technical ( oder engineering) draughtsman;

technische Zeichnung technical drawing;

technische Schwierigkeiten technical problems ( oder difficulties);

technische Lösung/Grenzen technical solution/limitations;

aus (verfahrens)technischen Gründen on technical grounds, for technical reasons;

Technischer Überwachungs-Verein → TÜV

2. (besonders betriebstechnisch, auch KUNST, SPORT etc) technical;

technische Disziplinen field events;

technischer K.o. technical knockout, TKO;

er verfügt über keine besonderen technischen Fertigkeiten he is not skilled, he has no (technical) qualifications

3. fig (sachlich, rein formal, theoretisch) technical

B. adv:

technisch begabt/interessiert with an aptitude for things technical/technical(ly)-minded;

technisch ausgereift/hoch entwickelt technologically mature ( oder sophisticated)/technologically very advanced;

eine technisch schwierige Kür a (free) program(me) of great technical difficulty, a technically demanding (free) program(me)

…technisch im adj: of …, …-related, …-specific;

drucktechnisch printing …, technical;

fertigungstechnisch production …, manufacturing …, … of production (engineering);

steuertechnisch tax …, revenue …, … of taxation

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Adjektiv technical < fault>; technological <progress, age>

adverbial technically; technologically < advanced>

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engineering adj.

physical adj.

technic adj.

technical adj. adv.

technically adv.

SUBJECT AREA: Electricity

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Kapp entered the Polytechnic School in Zurich in 1869 and gained a mechanical engineering diploma. He became a member of the engineering staff at the Vienna International Exhibition of 1873, and then spent some time in the Austrian navy before entering the service of Gwynne \& Co. of London, where he designed centrifugal pumps and gas exhausters. Kapp resolved to become an electrical engineer after a visit to the Paris Electrical Exhibition of 1881 and in the following year was appointed Manager of the Crompton Co. works at Chelmsford. There he developed and patented the dynamo with compound field winding. Also at that time, with Crompton, he patented electrical measuring instruments with over-saturated electromagnets. He became a naturalized British subject in 1881.

In 1886 Kapp's most influential paper was published. This described his concept of the magnetic circuit, providing for the first time a sound theoretical basis for dynamo design. The theory was also developed independently by J. Hopkinson. After commencing practice as a consulting engineer in 1884 he carried out design work on dynamos and also electricity-supply and -traction schemes in Germany, Italy, Norway, Russia and Switzerland. From 1891 to 1894 much of his time was spent designing a new generating station in Bristol, officially as Assistant to W.H. Preece. There followed an appointment in Germany as General Secretary of the Verband Deutscher Electrotechniker. For some years he edited the Electrotechnische Zeitschrift and was also a part-time lecturer at the Charlottenberg Technical High School in Berlin. In 1904 Kapp was invited to accept the new Chair of Electrical Engineering at the University of Birmingham, which he occupied until 1919. He was the author of several books on electrical machine and transformer design.

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SUBJECT AREA: Civil engineering

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Bailey was educated at the Leys School, Cambridge, before going to Sheffield University where he studied for a degree in engineering. He joined the Civil Service in 1928 and was posted to the staff of the Experimental Bridging Establishment of the Ministry of Supply at Christchurch, Hampshire. There he continued his boyhood hobby of making model bridges of wood and string. He evolved a design for a prefabricated metal bridge assembled from welded panels linked by pinned joints; this became known as the Bailey bridge. Its design was accepted by the War Office in 1941 and from then on it was used throughout the subsequent conflict of the Second World War. It was a great improvement on its predecessor, the Inglis bridge, designed by a Cambridge University professor of engineering, Charles Inglis, with tubular members that were 10 or 12 ft (3.66 m) long; this bridge was notoriously difficult to construct, particularly in adverse weather conditions, whereas the Bailey bridge's panels and joints were far more manageable and easy to assemble. The simple and standardized component parts of the Bailey bridge made it highly adaptable: it could be strengthened by increasing the number of truss girders, and wide rivers could be crossed by a series of Bailey bridges connected by pontoons. Field Marshal Montgomery is recorded as saying that without the Bailey bridge we should not have won the war'.

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